Endocrine Abstracts

Prostate cancer (PC) is currently the most commonly diagnosed non-cutaneous cancer affecting UK men. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has traditionally been used as the gold standard treatment for advanced PC. Despite the initial response to androgen ablation, tumours relapse and become refractory to clinically approved anti-androgens, resulting in castration-resistant PC (CRPC). In CRPC, androgen receptor (AR) signalling is inappropriately restored by AR splice variants (AR...

Introduction: Cushing’s syndrome is broadly categorized into ACTH dependent (pituitary and ectopic source) and ACTH independent (adrenal source). Localizing source of Cushing’s can sometimes be a cumbersome diagnostic process.Case history: A 25-year-old male patient presented with sudden rapid onset weight gain, muscle weakness and occasional headaches.as well as severe dyspnoea, orthopnea and PND. There was no significant past medical or famil...

Introduction: Placenta has many essential roles to maintain pregnancy and homeostasis. Calcium transport and its regulation are also important for vital roles of placenta. In general, calcium transport is regulated by active transcellular and passive paracellular pathways. Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 5/6 (TRPV5/6), calbindin-D9k (CaBP-9k), calbindin-D28k (CaBP-28k), and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX1) are involved in the transcellular pathway. Para...

Context: Most of the clinical data on safety profile of desmopressin (DDAVP), i.e. an effective treatment of both polyuric conditions and bleeding disorders, originates from studies on tailoring of drug treatment, whereas few reports describe severe side effects secondary to drug–drug interaction.Objective: To describe a case of severe hyponatremia complicated with seizure and coma due to the intake of non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) ...

Objective: Obesity and fat deposition in tissues along with inflammatory response may induce insulin resistance and finally type 2 diabetes mellitus Salsalate, a prodrug form of salicylate can inhibit IKKβ and NF-kappaB inflammatory pathway as a potential pharmacologic target in diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of salsalate as an anti-inflammatory drug to resolve endothelial dysfunction in diabetic patients.Methods: This...

The mechanisms of reproductive malfunction of male mammals caused by atrazine (ATZ) remain unknown. To explore the effects of ATZ on the expressions of StAR (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein), CYP (cytochrome-P450) 11A1, CYP17A1, 3β-HSD (3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase), INSL-3 (insulin-like factor 3), AR (androgen receptor), ER (estrogen receptor), LHR (luteinising hormone receptor) and INH-α (inhibin-alpha), we isolated Leydig cells from healthy immature...

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a malignant tumor of follicular cell origin that is characterized by a broad diversity of morphological features. There are 15 different histological types of PTC in the recent edition of WHO classification. Morphology of PTC is important to estimate a metastatic potential of tumor and to make an accurate prognosis of clinical behaviour.Objective of the work is to study a relationship between frequency of regional met...

Introduction: Faster decline in serum thyroid hormone levels in hyperthyroidism is seen adding cholestyramine at conventional treatment in some studies (1.2).Design/methods: Retrospective controlled study. Follow-up: ±3 weeks.Patients with hyperthyroidism: 17 treated with antithyroid drugs (mean dose 35 mg/day) combined with cholestyramine (mean dose 12 g/day).Control group: 23 only treated with antithyr...

Subtotal parathyroidectomy (SPX) and total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantion (TPXAT) are adequate techniques in treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism (HPT2) in hemodialysed patients with identical results. Reinterventions required for persistence or recurrence of HPT2 may seem easy after TPXAT: no redo-surgery in the cervical area and removal of grafts in the forearm under local anaesthesia. The aim of this study was to analyze our results of reiterative surgery in...

Introduction: Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH) is a benign disorder, with inappropriately elevated parathyroid hormone, without the complications of hypercalcemia (1). It is important to discriminate FHH from primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), because of the consequences on symptomatic disease and therapeutic approach. Ca/Cr clearance ratio will be <0.01 in FHH and most often >0.02 in PHPT (2). In patients with PHPT and vitamin D deficiency, low urinary calc...